A missing Shepard issue?

The Eighth Circuit today in an unpublished decision US v. Muro-Mendoza, No. 04-3098 (8th Cir. Mar. 21, 2005) (available here) affirmed a sentence in an illegal reentry case by relying heavily on the Almendarez-Torres “prior conviction” exception.  The case caught my eye in part because the defendant in Muro-Mendoza seems to dispute the nature of his prior convictions and also because the Eighth Circuit does not cite or mention the Shepard decision, the Supreme Court’s latest work in this arena.

Because I remain unsure what Shepard even means for the Almendarez-Torres “prior conviction” exception, I cannot quickly figure out if there was even a viable Shepard claim in Muro-Mendoza.  But I think the fact that Shepard is not even mentioned by the Eighth Circuit in Muro-Mendoza is telling.